Distributed multi-label learning on Apache Spark

This thesis proposes a series of multi-label learning algorithms for classification and feature selection implemented on the Apache Spark distributed computing model. Five approaches for determining the optimal architecture to speed up multi-label learning methods are presented. These approaches range from local parallelization using threads to distributed computing using independent or shared memory spaces. It is shown that the optimal approach performs hundreds of times faster than the baseline method. Three distributed multi-label k nearest neighbors methods built on top of the Spark architecture are proposed: an exact iterative method that computes pair-wise distances, an approximate tree-based method that indexes the instances across multiple nodes, and an approximate local sensitive hashing method that builds multiple hash tables to index the data. The results indicated that the predictions of the tree-based method are on par with those of an exact method while reducing the execution times in all the scenarios. The aforementioned method is then used to evaluate the quality of a selected feature subset. The optimal adaptation for a multi-label feature selection criterion is discussed and two distributed feature selection methods for multi-label problems are proposed: a method that selects the feature subset that maximizes the Euclidean norm of individual information measures, and a method that selects the subset of features maximizing the geometric mean. The results indicate that each method excels in different scenarios depending on type of features and the number of labels. Rigorous experimental studies and statistical analyses over many multi-label metrics and datasets confirm that the proposals achieve better performances and provide better scalability to bigger data than the methods compared in the state of the art

Gigant Transethmoidal Meningoencephalocele Operated by Full Endonasal Endoscopic Approach: Case Report

Intranasal meningoencephaloceles have historically been managed by neurosurgeons, although their main clinical manifestations are rhinological. Recent advances in endoscopic skull base surgery has significantly improved the treatment of these lesions and consequently diminished appreciable surgical morbidity. We report an ethmoidal meningoencephalocele case operated on by endonasal endoscopic approach for removal of the lesion and reconstructing the associated skull base. From this experience, we conclude that removal of the lesion and watertight closure of the skull base irrespective of the size of the mass and anterior skull base defect are the operation's most important aspects

The social spending like reelection tool. A proximity to the municipalities of Santa Cruz de Tenerife province.

The Spain political instability in addition the increasing destrust to the political parties, due to the various corruptions cases and see how some political mandatories keep some their charges in continuous terms and for this reason has been the main motivation to make this analysis, and try to know the situation´s causes. For this reason, if we analice the social spending count witch is destinated to the citicen and we make a comparability between the island´s diferents townhall of the Tenerife province, watching the most important spending area in the budget and be focus specifily in the social spending concepts and make a deep analyce if we have a positive correlation between this social spending and how the potential voter react to this budget concept increasing the probability to vote the budget responsible. The conclusions that we can extract to this paper, the budget can be used by political reelected candidate like a relection tool in the Santa Cruz de Tenerife´s town halls province.La inestabilidad política en España, así como la creciente desconfianza hacia los partidos políticos, debido a los distintos casos de corrupción y ver como algunos mandatarios políticos permanezcan varios mandatos en sus cargos nos han llevado a realizar este análisis, intentando conocer cuáles han sido las causas para que se dé esta situación. Para ello, y teniendo en cuenta que los gastos sociales son los que mas directamente perciben los ciudadanos, realizaremos una comparativa entre los diferentes ayuntamientos de las islas de la provincia de Tenerife, observando a que área de gastos le dan mas importancia en el presupuesto centrándonos en la partida de gasto social, así como analizando si el votante reacciona a ese gasto o su voto no está relacionado con la acción del gobernante. Según hemos podido comprobar, podría estar siendo utilizado como mecanismo de reelección política en los ayuntamientos de la provincia de Santa Cruz de Tenerife

Theoretical Study of Copper Complexes: Molecular Structure, Properties, and Its Application to Solar Cells

We present a theoretical investigation of copper complexes with potential applications as sensitizers for solar cells. The density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT were utilized, using the M06 hybrid meta-GGA functional with the LANL2DZ (D95V on first row) and DZVP basis sets. This level of calculation was used to find the optimized molecular structure, the absorption spectra, the molecular orbitals energies, and the chemical reactivity parameters that arise from conceptual DFT. Solvent effects have been taken into account by an implicit approach, namely, the polarizable continuum model (PCM), using the nonequilibrium version of the IEF-PCM model

Open Source EEG Platform with Reconfigurable Features for Multiple-Scenarios

Electroencephalogram (EEG) acquisition systems are widely used as diagnostic and research tools. This document shows the implementation of a reconfigurable family of three affordable 8-channels, 24 bits of resolution, EEG acquisition systems intended for a wide variety of research purposes. The three devices offer a modular design and upgradability, permitting changes in the firmware and software. Due to the nature of the Analog Front-End (AFE) used, no high-pass analog filters were implemented, allowing the capture of very low frequency components. Two systems of the family, called “RF-Brain” and “Bluetooth-Brain”, were designed to be light and wireless, planned for experimentation where movement of the subject cannot be restricted. The sample rate in these systems can be configured up to 2000 samples per second (SPS) for the RF-Brain and 250 SPS for the Bluetooth-Brain when the 8 channels are used. If fewer channels are required, the sampling frequency can be higher (up to 4 kSPS or 2 kSPS for 1 channel for RF-Brain and Bluetooth-Brain respectively). The third system, named “USB-Brain”, is a wired device designed for purposes requiring high sampling frequency acquisition and general purpose ports, with sampling rates up to 4 kSPS

Investigation into the thermodynamics and kinetics of the binding of Cu2+ and Pb2+ to TiS2 nanoparticles synthesized using a solvothermal process

In the present study, titanium (IV) sulfide (TiS2) was synthesized and investigated for the removal of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from aqueous solutions. TiS2 nanoparticles synthesized through a solvothermal synthesis were characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The average particle size for the TiS2 material was determined to be 8.03 ± 0.98 nm from the diffraction pattern. Studies were performed to examine the effects of pH, temperature, time, and interfering ions on the binding of Cu2+ and Pb2+ to the TiS2. As well isotherm studies were performed to determine the binding capacity of TiS2 for both Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions. The pH profile studies showed optimal binding occurred at pH 2 for the sorption of both Cu2+ and Pb2+ to the TiS2. The isotherm studies showed the adsorption capacities at temperatures of 4, 22, and 45 °C for Cu2+ were 243, 222, and 153 mg/g, respectively. An opposite trend in the adsorption was observed for Pb2+ binding to the TiS2. The observed binding capacities for Pb2+ were 32, 166, and 357 mg/g, at temperatures of 4, 22, and 45 °C, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters for binding showed a non-spontaneous process for the sorption of Cu2+ whereas a spontaneous binding process was observed for the sorption of Pb2+. Additionally, the binding of Cu2+ on TiS2 in the presence of interfering ions (Na+, K+, Mg2+, and/or Ca2+) was observed to decrease at high concentrations; however, the binding of Pb2+ was unaffected by the presence of the same cations